Contents:
In this article, we will discuss how to cut and engrave paper using a CO2 laser machine. These machines efficiently cut paper and nearly all types of cardboard, making them indispensable in industries such as advertising, packaging, and design. From postcards, envelopes, and gift boxes to decorations, children’s books, stencils, and construction kits, laser-cut cardboard is widely used in various applications.
Advantages and disadvantages of laser cutting cardboard
Advantages
- Precision: the level of detail achievable with a CO2 laser machine surpasses that of plotters and cutters.
- Flexibility: before launching mass production, a laser machine allows you to create a test batch and make necessary modifications.
- Versatility: unlike other cutting equipment, a machine can also engrave, expanding the scope of production.
- Efficiency: the ability to cut multiple layers of paper in a single pass increases productivity.
- Cost-effectiveness: laser cutting is more economical compared to other cutting methods due to lower consumable costs.
Disadvantages
- Production speed: industrial-grade cardboard-cutting machines can produce multiple boxes per second, whereas laser machines are better suited for intricate designs, making the process slower.
- Safety considerations: laser cutting requires careful monitoring, as ignition may occur in areas where the laser slows down, particularly at the edges.
Key considerations for cutting paper and cardboard
CO2 laser machines can process various types of cardboard, including fitting board, beer board, designer cardboard, packaging cardboard, binding board, corrugated cardboard, and foam board. While it may seem that any laser machine can handle these materials, their flammability and sensitivity to high temperatures require careful parameter adjustments.
To achieve optimal results, it is essential to find the right balance between minimum power and maximum speed. The machine should move at a speed that prevents excessive heat buildup, ensuring the laser does not burn through the material or leave unwanted marks on the backside.
An 80W laser tube typically cuts a standard sheet of paper at a minimum ignition power of 10% (8W). However, on Wattsan models starting from 6090, the power can be reduced to 4W. This adjustment can be made using a potentiometer, allowing for manual power regulation during operation, which is particularly useful when engraving.
Did you know?
Operating a laser tube at low power significantly extends its lifespan. Customers who cut fabrics, paper, or engrave stone have used their tubes for over 10,000 hours with proper maintenance.
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When cutting corrugated cardboard, special attention is required due to its multi-layer structure. After penetrating the top layer, the laser beam scatters, affecting the lower layers with a wider and weaker spot. This, combined with reduced airflow, increases the risk of incomplete cuts or ignition. Unlike solid materials, the cut depth in corrugated cardboard is not determined solely by laser power.
For cutting paper and cardboard, high air pressure is not necessary—and in some cases, it can be counterproductive, as excessive airflow might cause the material to shift.
Safety precautions
- Never leave a laser machine unattended while cutting or engraving.
- Ensure that the exhaust system and cooling system are functioning properly.
Conclusion
CO2 laser machines offer unparalleled precision, flexibility, and cost-efficiency for cutting and engraving paper and cardboard. However, proper machine settings, power adjustments, and safety precautions are crucial to achieving the best results while minimizing risks. By carefully selecting the right parameters and monitoring the process, you can efficiently create high-quality designs without compromising safety or material integrity.
