How to set up and connect CNC router: step-by-step guide

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Installing and launching a CNC router for the first time may seem like a challenging task, especially for beginners. However, with the right instructions and a little patience, the process becomes straightforward. In this article, we will walk you through the complete setup of a CNC milling machine using the Wattsan M1 1616 as an example. This guide is also applicable to the entire Wattsan milling machine series, starting from the A1 6090 model and upwards.

Preparing for assembly

The first step is to unpack the machine carefully and place all included accessories close to the assembly area. Ensure that you have sufficient working space—especially around the machine—so that no moving parts collide with obstacles during operation. Clear, unobstructed access to all sides of the machine will make installation and further use much easier.

Depending on your order and the chosen delivery method, the CNC router may arrive with the gantry pre-installed or packed separately to facilitate transportation.

Assembling the mechanical components

Follow these steps to complete the mechanical assembly of your router:

1. Remove the transport bumpers on both sides of the machine.
2. Align the linear carriages with the gantry. These carriages will support the gantry and allow it to move smoothly along the Y-axis.
3. Position the gantry above the carriages. For this step, you may need a forklift or a stacker, depending on the size and weight of the gantry.
4. Align the gantry holes with the carriages and fasten the guide rails using hex keys. Ensure everything is firmly secured.
5. Bolt the gantry to the linear carriages to complete the assembly.
6. Install the stepper motors along the machine’s axes. Position the motors without fully tightening the screws at first.
7. Press the motors toward the machine frame so that the motor gears engage properly with the helical racks.
8. Tighten the screws and connect the motors to their corresponding cables.
9. Reinstall the bumpers and dust covers, which are essential for protecting the guide rails from dust and debris.
10. Mount the cable tray and secure it in place.
11. Lay out and fix the cable channel, making sure it does not interfere with the machine’s movements.

Connecting the electrical system

Once the mechanical setup is complete, it’s time to wire the system:

1. Connect the main cables from the machine to the control cabinet.
2. Plug in the controller board (often a DSP or chipboard-based controller, depending on the model).
3. Mount and wire the power supply inside the control cabinet.
4. Connect the system to the power mains, making sure all grounding and voltage requirements are met.

First start and final checks

After the machine is connected:

• Turn on the machine and wait for it to return to its origin (home) position automatically.
• Check the inverter settings, ensuring they match the required spindle parameters.
• Review the control panel settings, including working area dimensions, spindle speed, and travel speeds.

Each Wattsan machine undergoes a full quality check before shipping. This includes software setup, mechanical calibration, and parameter configuration. Therefore, most settings should already be pre-configured. After completing the installation and connection steps, your CNC router is ready to use.

Conclusion

Setting up a CNC router like the Wattsan M1 1616 requires attention to detail but is entirely manageable with the right guidance. By carefully following the mechanical and electrical steps outlined in this article, you will have your machine up and running in no time. Always refer to the manufacturer’s manual for specific configurations or safety instructions and perform test runs before starting full production. A properly installed CNC router is the first step toward efficient and precise machining.

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